Developmental expression patterns of CCR5 and CXCR4 in the rhesus macaque brain

Westmoreland, S.V; Alvarez, X; deBakker, C; Aye, P; Wilson, M.L; Williams, K.C; Lackner, A.A

« Previous Next »Journal of Neuroimmunology
Volume 122, Issue 1 , Pages 146-158, January 2002

Developmental expression patterns of CCR5 and CXCR4 in the rhesus macaque brain

S.V Westmoreland
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-508-624-8074; fax: +1-508-624-8181
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA
X Alvarez
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA
C deBakker
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA
P Aye
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA
M.L Wilson
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Campus, Jacksonville, IL 62650, USA
K.C Williams
- Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
A.A Lackner
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA

Received 27 June 2001; received in revised form 10 October 2001; accepted 19 October 2001.

Abstract

Emerging data indicate that chemokine receptors on neurons and glia in the central nervous system (CNS) play a role in normal CNS development, intercellular communication, and the neuropathogenesis of AIDS. To further understand chemokine receptors in the brain and explore their potential role in HIV neuropathogenesis, particularly in pediatrics, we examined the regional and cellular distribution of CCR5 and CXCR4 in normal fetal, neonatal, and adult rhesus macaques. CCR5 and CXCR4 were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence within the cytoplasm of subpopulations of neurons in the neocortex, hippocampus, basal nuclei, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum and by flow cytometry on the surface of neurons and glia. Interestingly, expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 increased significantly (p<0.05) from birth to 9 months of age. We further characterize this dynamic developmental pattern of CCR5 and CXCR4 expression in resident cells of the CNS.

Keywords: CCR5, CXCR4, Chemokine receptors, Brain, Neurons, Glia, Macaque, HIV, SIV